Although this report covers a wide range of topics – from governance and fiscal policy to infrastructure, energy, logistics, critical minerals, defence industries and development finance – a number of common themes emerge.

Resilience Is Becoming a Core Economic Objective

Economic policy has traditionally focused on efficiency, cost reduction and optimization. Recent geopolitical, security and economic shocks demonstrate that resilience requires greater attention. Across the areas examined in this report, countries increasingly need systems capable of functioning under disruption. This applies to public finances, energy systems, transport corridors, supply chains and investment frameworks alike. The ability to absorb shocks and recover quickly is becoming an important component of competitiveness.

Redundancy Has Economic Value

Many systems were designed around the assumption that disruptions would be rare and temporary. As a result, spare capacity, backup routes and alternative suppliers were often viewed as inefficient.

Ukraine’s experience suggests the opposite. Alternative export routes, reserve energy capacity, multiple logistics options and diversified financing sources helped maintain economic activity when primary systems became unavailable. Building and maintaining such redundancy may involve additional costs, but these costs can be significantly lower than the economic losses associated with system failure.

Adaptability Matters as Much as Capacity

The effectiveness of institutions depends not only on their formal capacity but also on their ability to adjust under changing conditions. Ukraine’s wartime experience demonstrates the importance of flexible decision-making, contingency planning, strong local institutions and the ability to modify procedures without losing accountability. Similar challenges are increasingly visible across Europe and other regions facing growing security, fiscal and economic pressures.

For Ukraine, this means that reconstruction should not focus solely on replacing damaged assets. It should strengthen long-term competitiveness in areas where the country has strategic advantages, including energy, logistics, critical minerals, advanced manufacturing and defence-related industries.

For governments and international financial institutions, the key lesson is that policies, infrastructure and financing models increasingly need to be designed for a world where disruptions are more frequent, risks are more diverse and resilience has become an economic asset in its own right.

This report was prepared by the RRR4U consortium.

RRR4U (Resilience, Reconstruction and Relief for Ukraine) is a consortium of four Ukrainian analytical organizations: DiXi Group, Institute for Analytics and Advocacy, Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting, and Center for Economic Strategy.

RRR4U publishes monthly and quarterly reports on Ukraine’s progress in meeting the conditions of key EU and IMF financial assistance programs. All reports are available here.